
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
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Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), also commonly known as prostate enlargement, is when the surrounding tissues and prostate expand.
What is Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)?
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), also commonly known as prostate enlargement, is when the surrounding tissues and prostate expand. BPH is a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland.
The prostate is a walnut-size gland that supplies semen to help sperm travel and survive. It is located between the rectum and the base of the penis. And under the bottom of the bladder, there is the surrounding part of the urethra.
It is one of the most common urological problems facing men as they age.
As men age, the prostate will continue to grow. Men go through 2 periods of prostate growth, one during puberty and the second period around the age of 25.
The enlarged prostate will become a problem when it squeezes the urethra and causes a series of symptoms.
What are the Symptoms of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)?
The enlarging prostate will squeeze the urethra through the centre of the gland causing urinary symptoms that include:
- Having frequent urination
- Having an urgent need to pass urine
- Having weak urine flow
- Having blood in the urine
- Having difficulty in starting to urine
- Having a sensation of incomplete bladder emptying
What are the Complications of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)?
Some of the complications of prostate enlargement may include:
- Recurring urinary tract infection (UTI)
- Bladder stones
- Kidney damage
How is Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Diagnosed?
Some standard tests to diagnose prostate enlargement include:
- Digital rectal examination
- Urine flow study
- Cystoscopy
What are the Treatments for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)?
1. Alpha-blockers
Alpha-blockers are medications to help relax the prostate and bladder muscles. Alpha-blockers are fast reacting and will help reduce the symptoms of BPH. Some of the side effects may include low blood pressure and giddiness.
2. 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors
5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors increase urine flow and shrink the prostate by blocking the male hormone that causes the prostate to enlarge. Some of the side effects may include low sex drive and erectile dysfunction.
3. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDE5-Is)
Phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDE5-Is) help treat the urinary symptoms related to BPH by relaxing the neck of the bladder and prostate. It also helps with the erection of the penis. However, some side effects may include flashing and muscle soreness.
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